Ergebnisse der Wort und Wissen Klima-Arbeitsgruppe (W+W Klima AG)
Die Einzeldateien (pdf) zum Download (Stand 25.06.2025):
- 1) Übersichtspräsentation
- 2) Bekannte Klimafakten
- 3) Ursachen Klimawandel
- 4) Unsere Verantwortung
- 5) Klimamodellierung
- 6) Temperaturrekonstruktion
- 7) IPCC, der Weltklimarat
Allgemeine Hinweise
Warum das Thema Klimawandel bei Wort und Wissen
- Welche Klimafakten sind unumstößlich und wo fängt die subjektive Interpretation an?
- Findet Klimawandel über natürliche Klimaschwankungen hinaus statt?
- Inwieweit ist der Mensch für den aktuell wahrgenommenen Klimawandel verantwortlich?
- Sind die IPCC-Berichte wissenschaftlich fundiert und objektiv?
- Wie zuverlässig sind Klimavorhersagen?
Begriffserklärungen und Verweise
- Wetter beschreibt den momentanen Zustand der Atmosphäre (z.B. Temperatur, Druck, Dichte, Wind).
- Klima ist per Definition der 30-Jahre Durchschnitt des atmosphärischen Zustandes.
Gesamtfazit der W+W KlimaAG: Klimawandel findet statt – kein Grund zur Panik
- Das Klima wandelt sich im Laufe der Zeit aufgrund bekannter natürlicher Einflussfaktoren
- Die Vergangenheit zeigt: Die Erde verkraftet erhebliche Klimaschwankungen
- Globaler Temperaturanstieg hat Vor- und Nachteile, Weltuntergangsstimmung ist nicht angebracht
- Der aktuell beobachtete schnelle Klimawandel ist maßgeblich vom Menschen mit verursacht
- Weitere Forschung ist notwendig, z.B. um Wolkenbildung und CO2-Senken besser zu verstehen
- Es ist sehr fragwürdig, ob der Mensch das Klima kontrollieren und bestimmen kann
- CO2-Reduktion um jeden Preis ist weder technisch noch wirtschaftlich umsetzbar
- Beidseitige starke Lobbys verzerren wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse und kapern die Klimadebatte
- Folglich ist es unrealistisch zu erwarten, dass Klimaziele politisch umgesetzt werden
- Viel sinnvoller ist es, Industrie und Wirtschaft nachhaltig an Klimaveränderungen anzugleichen
- Verantwortungsvolles Handeln ist angebracht, auch unabhängig vom Klimawandel
- Klimarettung oder Leugnung des Klimawandels wird für viele zur Ersatzreligion
- Christen haben den Auftrag, als Hoffnungsträger auf den einzig wahren Retter hinzuweisen
Die Einzelthemen
1) Übersichtspräsentation (pdf: hier)
2) Bekannte Klimafakten (pdf: hier)
3) Ursachen Klimawandel (pdf: hier)
- Landnutzung und Aerosolen, diese führen zu einem negativen Strahlungsantrieb.
- Treibhausgase, insbesondere CO2, diese führen zu einem positiven Strahlungsantrieb.
4) Unsere Verantwortung (pdf: hier)
5) Klimamodellierung (pdf: hier)
- Physikalisches Verständnis der atmosphärischen Prozesse
- Mathematische Beschreibung atmosphärischer Veränderungen, z.B. durch die Navier-Stokes Gleichungen
- Numerische Modellierung und Berechnung vieler Szenarien mit Hilfe von Supercomputern
- Globale historische Messdaten von Atmosphäre, Ozeanen, Eisflächen und Landflächen
- Annahmen zur künftigen Entwicklung von natürlichen und menschlichen Einflussfaktoren
6) Temperaturrekonstruktion (pdf: hier)
7)IPCC, der Weltklimarat (pdf: hier)
In English (via DeepL)
Individual files (PDF) available for download (as of June 25, 2025):
- 1) Overview Presentation
- 2) Known Climate Facts
- 3) Causes of Climate Change
- 4) Our Responsibility
- 5) Climate Modeling
- 6) Temperature Reconstruction
- 7) IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
General Information
Why Climate Change Is a Topic at Wort und Wissen
Climate change is on everyone’s lips worldwide. Scientists are trying to understand the climate and predict future climate changes.
Most consider the consequences of these changes to be a threat to people and nature and are calling on governments to take appropriate countermeasures.
Politicians are responding with global climate agreements that include voluntary commitments, primarily aimed at reducing emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2.
However, there are also other voices that criticize the statements of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), question the human-induced component of climate change, or assess climate measures as inappropriate or harmful.
Wort und Wissen is repeatedly asked to issue a statement on this complex of issues. Typical questions include:
- Which climate facts are indisputable, and where does subjective interpretation begin?
- Is climate change occurring beyond the scope of natural climate fluctuations?
- To what extent is humanity responsible for the climate change currently being observed?
- Are the IPCC reports scientifically sound and objective?
- How reliable are climate predictions?
To answer these questions, Wort und Wissen has established a climate working group.
This working group, the W+W Climate Working Group, has taken on the challenge of finding answers to these questions that are as neutral and scientifically sound as possible.
This is indeed a major challenge, as the topic is scientifically highly complex and, moreover, politically and emotionally highly charged.
The climate is influenced by many factors that interact with one another in a nonlinear manner. This does not mean that the climate cannot be understood, but it does mean that oversimplified analyses can quickly lead people astray.
Almost everyone has an opinion on climate change, but all too often these opinions are not based on scientifically sound information, but rather on personal beliefs fueled by media coverage.
On the internet, one can find a wide variety of unfiltered opinions on climate change presented with conviction, ranging from “The world will end tomorrow” to “There is no climate change.”
The goal and hope of the W+W Climate Working Group is to serve as a reliable guide on this topic.
The W+W Climate Working Group has summarized its findings in several presentations and is making them available online here.
These findings are intended to help identify the actual facts, debunk false claims, and gain as objective a perspective as possible on the topic of climate change.
Definitions and References
Weather and Climate:
- Weather describes the current state of the atmosphere (e.g., temperature, pressure, density, wind).
- Climate is, by definition, the 30-year average of atmospheric conditions.
Global Climate:
There are various climate zones; the climate averaged across the Earth is referred to as the global climate.
Climate Warming:
Strictly speaking, the climate cannot “warm up”; rather, the global average temperature of the Earth’s surface is increasing, and consequently, so is the thermal energy of the Earth’s atmosphere. In this sense, the now-common term “global warming” is used in the W+W Climate Working Group’s presentations of results.
IPCC AR6 references refer to the Sixth Assessment Report of Working Group I of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_FullReport.pdf
Overall conclusion of the W+W Climate Working Group: Climate change is occurring—but there is no reason to panic
- The climate changes over time due to known natural factors
- History shows that the Earth can withstand significant climate fluctuations
- Global temperature rise has both advantages and disadvantages; doomsday scenarios are unwarranted
- The rapid climate change currently being observed is largely caused by human activity
- Further research is necessary, e.g., to better understand cloud formation and CO₂ sinks
- It is highly questionable whether humans can control and determine the climate
- CO₂ reduction at any cost is neither technically nor economically feasible
- Powerful lobbies on both sides distort scientific findings and hijack the climate debate
- Consequently, it is unrealistic to expect climate goals to be implemented politically
- It makes much more sense to adapt industry and the economy to climate change in a sustainable manner
- Responsible action is called for, even independently of climate change
- For many, “saving the climate” or denying climate change has become a substitute religion
- Christians have a mission to point people toward the one true Savior as bearers of hope
The Individual Topics
1) Overview Presentation (PDF: here)
The overview presentation contains, on the one hand, a summary of the most important findings of the W+W Climate Working Group and, on the other hand, several counterarguments regarding human-caused climate change and responses to them.
Following a brief introduction to the climate, climate change, and climate research, temperature measurements from the past 120 years are used to demonstrate how one gradually moves from nationwide monthly averages to global annual averages.
Subsequently, further evidence of global warming is presented, along with an overview of the most important factors influencing the climate.
Next, the German public’s views on climate change are presented, and critical questions regarding human-induced climate change are discussed.
Finally, our responsibility toward the environment and climate is addressed. Christians act not out of fear or fanaticism, but out of love for the Creator.
2) Well-Known Climate Facts (PDF: here)
The mechanics of the weather are described, and the difference between weather and climate is explained.
The Earth’s radiation balance, as well as the resulting global atmospheric circulation patterns, are described.
The Earth’s atmosphere can be approximated as a gray body. Using the Stefan-Boltzmann radiation law, the minimum (-18.6 °C) and maximum average surface temperature (29.6 °C) can be derived from this.
Consequently, the Earth’s temperature cannot rise indefinitely. However, 29.6 °C is approximately 15 °C higher than today’s temperature, which would have massive consequences.
The fundamental effect of greenhouse gases is described.
The typical signs of an increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature—a striking characteristic of current climate change—are described.
3) Causes of Climate Change (PDF: here)
The causes of changes in the Earth’s climate from a physical perspective are discussed.
First, the concept of radiative forcing is introduced, which is used to describe changes in the Earth’s energy balance. Positive radiative forcing leads to warming, while negative radiative forcing leads to cooling.
Next, the factors that can cause a positive or negative radiative forcing are discussed.
Astronomical influences are either too small or too slow to explain the climate changes currently being measured. This also applies to other natural influences, such as global ocean oscillations or volcanoes.
Human-induced changes include:
- Land use and aerosols, which result in negative radiative forcing.
- Greenhouse gases, particularly CO₂, which result in positive radiative forcing.
There is uncertainty regarding changes in cloud formation and the effectiveness of the two CO₂ sinks—vegetation and the oceans. Tipping points are not expected to be reached in the near future.
4) Our Responsibility (pdf: here)
Many Christians feel uncertain when it comes to the topic of climate change. Some tend to become climate activists, while others doubt that climate change is caused by humans.
From a biblical perspective, two things are important: God holds the earth He created in His hand, and humans have a responsibility toward creation. Consequently, there is neither reason to panic nor to ignore the issue.
The 3P principle (Profit, People, Planet) of modern sustainability research can already be found in the Bible in the form of God’s instructions through Moses to the people of Israel.
Acting responsibly involves, on the one hand, conserving resources with care and moderation, and on the other hand, adapting to the changing climate. Various proposals on this topic are discussed.
Personal responsibility is also relevant; everyone can make a contribution. Fanaticism (treating climate as a substitute religion) is out of place here, because for Christians, the motivation is this: they do this because the Earth is God’s beautiful creation.
5) Climate Modeling (PDF: here)
Forecasting climate change using climate models requires:
- A physical understanding of atmospheric processes
- A mathematical description of atmospheric changes, e.g., using the Navier-Stokes equations
- Numerical modeling and calculation of many scenarios using supercomputers
- Global historical measurement data from the atmosphere, oceans, ice sheets, and land areas
- Assumptions regarding the future development of natural and human factors
Over the past few decades, the quality of climate forecasts has improved significantly. Some atmospheric processes are well understood, while others are less so. For this reason, many forecasts are calculated using different parameters (ensemble simulations). This allows the uncertainties in the forecasts to be determined.
The greatest uncertainty is the human factor. The IPCC AR6 report therefore presents various scenarios with different trends in human-caused greenhouse gases and pollutants.
The latest climate models indicate, with 95% certainty, a further increase in the global average temperature of 1.5–3.1 °C between now and the year 2100.
6) Temperature Reconstruction (PDF: here)
In a temperature reconstruction, temperature anomalies for a specific time period in the past are reconstructed.
Temperature reconstructions use different types of data, each with its own strengths and weaknesses, but which can complement one another.
The data used must be processed so that meaningful conclusions can be drawn. The further back in time we go, the more difficult it becomes to date climate archives.
For current climate change, data from the last 200 years are particularly relevant because the Earth’s global average temperature has risen extremely rapidly during this period.
To determine whether the temperature rise is within normal ranges, the last 2,000 years are generally considered.
Temperature reconstructions for the last 2,000 years consistently show a steep, positive temperature increase over the past approximately 100 years, the magnitude of which exceeds any temperature fluctuation observed over the past 2,000 years.
7) IPCC, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (PDF: here)
The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) does not conduct its own research; instead, rotating teams compile global research findings into assessment reports.
The IPCC’s statements are supported by relevant references and accompanied by probability assessments.
Quality assurance processes are designed to prevent one-sided conclusions.
The frequently heard claim by critics that the IPCC conducts scientifically biased and unsound research must be rejected as a sweeping generalization.
The criticism may be valid on specific points, but this must be demonstrated concretely and supported by appropriate scientific evidence.
The Summary for Policymakers is intended to provide an unbiased summary of the full assessment report. However, a certain degree of bias cannot always be ruled out. In cases of doubt, it is advisable to consult the full report.